Antibiotics
| Table 4. Basic Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobial Drugs. | ||||
| Mehanism of Action | General
Spectrum |
Resistance
Mechanism |
Toxicity | |
| Aminoglycosides | Protein
synthesis, Cell membrane leak |
Gram (-), Gram (+), Not anaerobes | Inactivation, Exclusion, Reduced affinity | Nephrotoxic, NMJ block, Ototoxic, Vestibular |
| Cephalosporins | Cell Wall Synthesis | Gram(+),
Gram (-) |
Inactivation, Exclusion, Reduced Affinity | Hypersensitivity, Immune reactions, Drug Fevers |
| Fluoroquinolones | DNA Gyrase | Gram(+), Gram (-), Mycoplasma, Not
anaerobes |
Altered binding | Cartilage damage (juveniles)
|
| Macrolides | Protein
synthesis |
Gram (+), Mycoplasma | Exclusion | Gl intolerance, NMJ block, Myocardial depression |
| Penicillins | Cell Wall Synthesis | Gram (+), Gram (-) | Inactivation, Exclusion, Reduced Affinity | Hypersensitivity |
| Sulfonamides | Folic Acid Synthesis | Gram (+), Gram (-), Protozoa | Competition, Alternate Pathways, Reduced Affinity | Immune reactions (KCS, polyarthritis), Nephrotoxic, Hemolytic anemia, depression anemia |
| Tetracyclines | Protein
synthesis |
Gram (+), Gram (-), mycoplasma, Rickettsia, Chlamydia | Exclusion
|
Nephrotoxic, Gl irritation, Hepatotoxic, Phototoxic, Dental/Bone (juveniles) |
